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Description and The Natural Habitats:
Widespread, common in the soil and
on plants. Rare agents of onychomycosis, skin lesions,
endocarditis, and uncommon agents of the pulmonary mycosis
adiaspiromycosis. No toxic diseases have been documented
to date.
Chrysosporium is known as keratinophilic
filamentous fungus, which is normally isolated from
plant material, soil, birds and animal dung. It remains
on hairs as well as in feathers. The telemorphs of the
Chrysosporium spp. are included in genera Nannizziopsis,
Uncinocarpus and Aphanoascus. As it is a common contaminant,
Chrysosporium is rarely isolated from the human infections.
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Chrysosporium Species:
The Chrysosporium genus contains numerous
species. However, the most common ones include Chrysosporium
tropicum, Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Chrysosporium
merdarium, Chrysosporium pannicola, Chrysosporium inops,
Chrysosporium zonatum and Chrysosporium queenslandicum.
Another species, which is of the special interest, is
known as Emmonsia parva, which is also rarely named
as Chrysosporium parvum. The species of the Chrysosporium
are distinguished from each other with the texture of
morphology and the colony location and also with the
size of conidia. In addition, some species, mainly Chrysosporium
pannicola, are not capable of growing at 37°C or
more than that.
The species of Chrysosporium will be occasionally
isolated from nail scrapings and skin, especially from
the feet, but as they are ordinary soil saprophytes,
they are generally considered as the contaminants. Studies
have been proved that, there are about twenty-two species
of Chrysosporium. Most of them are keratinophilic and
some are thermotolerant. Chrysosporium cultures will
closely look like some dermatophytes, mainly Trichophyton
mentagrophytes. Some strains of the Chrysosporium may
also resemble the cultures of Blastomyces and Histoplasma.
Clinical Significance ad Pathogenicity:
Chrysosporium species can cause onychomycosis
and skin infections in humans. Moreover, addition to
these external infections, Chrysosporium spp. has occasionally
been isolated from the systemic or body and blood infections,
which will occur in bone marrow transplant patients.
It can also affect the people who have chronic granulomatous
diseases such as cancers.
Macroscopic Features:
The Chrysosporium colonies are capable
of growing quickly at 25°C. However, the morphology
of the colonies will be very variable. They may be woolly,
granular or cottony and flat. IT can also raise and
look folded during the appearance. From the front portion,
the color will be in whitish cream, tan to pale brown
or yellow. The reverse will be in white to brown color.
Chrysosporium will also produce conidia (aleuriconidia),
hyphae as well as arthroconidia. Hyphae will be septate
while the conidia are basically hyaline, one-celled,
smooth- or rough-walled and broad-based.
The high death rate of the systemic Chrysosporium
infections is reported these days. Therefore, it is
very important to take the right measure to prevent
this disease in the initial stage itself. Therefore,
if you note any appearance of this problem, it is very
important to consider a well known specialist.
If you are not ale to find a good specialist
in your location, searching on the web will help you.
There are also many websites on the net, which will
provide you complete information on this health problem.
Most of the websites will also provide you some tips
and measures, which you have to take against this problem.
Remember, finding the right treatment in the initial
stage will help you to get rid of this problem up to
a great extent.
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